Scientists in Germany claim to have developed a nasal vaccine that can effectively combat Covid-19 by targeting the upper airways where the virus first enters the body. The vaccine utilizes a live but weakened form of the coronavirus that has been engineered through genetic manipulation, making it more difficult for the virus to replicate.
In experiments involving hamsters, two doses of the vaccine proved highly effective in blocking the replication of the virus and achieving "sterilizing immunity," thereby preventing illness. This breakthrough suggests that the vaccine could potentially provide long-lasting protection against Covid-19.
Several nasal vaccines are currently in various stages of development and clinical trials, with China and India already using similar approaches. However, it remains to be seen whether these early-stage products will prove effective in humans.
The US has reached a stalemate with Covid-19, with the virus continuing to spread among people and animals. The pandemic highlights the ongoing need for new vaccine technologies that can provide protection against emerging variants of the virus.
Researchers are now focusing on boosting mucosal immunity, which refers to the immune system's ability to defend against infections in the upper airways. This approach aims to create a "firewall" around the nose and throat, preventing the virus from taking hold.
One scientist, Emanuel Wyler, compares this concept to stationing firefighters under the smoke alarm in your house. He notes that traditional vaccines work throughout the body but reside primarily in the blood, making it take longer for the immune system to respond.
Mucosal vaccines, like the German-developed nasal vaccine, offer a more localized approach, mimicking the process of natural infection and creating a stronger immune response. They also preview the entire coronavirus for the body, allowing the hamsters to develop immune weapons against a wider range of targets.
While the results are promising, experts caution that the vaccine still needs to pass additional tests before it can be widely used. Dr. Greg Poland, who designs vaccines at the Mayo Clinic, notes that the research team did an "excellent job" but emphasizes the need for repetition in primates and humans before the vaccine can be considered effective.
The development of a pan-coronavirus vaccine that induces mucosal immunity is seen as crucial to preventing future variants of the virus. The US has already experienced several Omicron-level shifts, highlighting the ongoing threat posed by Covid-19.
In experiments involving hamsters, two doses of the vaccine proved highly effective in blocking the replication of the virus and achieving "sterilizing immunity," thereby preventing illness. This breakthrough suggests that the vaccine could potentially provide long-lasting protection against Covid-19.
Several nasal vaccines are currently in various stages of development and clinical trials, with China and India already using similar approaches. However, it remains to be seen whether these early-stage products will prove effective in humans.
The US has reached a stalemate with Covid-19, with the virus continuing to spread among people and animals. The pandemic highlights the ongoing need for new vaccine technologies that can provide protection against emerging variants of the virus.
Researchers are now focusing on boosting mucosal immunity, which refers to the immune system's ability to defend against infections in the upper airways. This approach aims to create a "firewall" around the nose and throat, preventing the virus from taking hold.
One scientist, Emanuel Wyler, compares this concept to stationing firefighters under the smoke alarm in your house. He notes that traditional vaccines work throughout the body but reside primarily in the blood, making it take longer for the immune system to respond.
Mucosal vaccines, like the German-developed nasal vaccine, offer a more localized approach, mimicking the process of natural infection and creating a stronger immune response. They also preview the entire coronavirus for the body, allowing the hamsters to develop immune weapons against a wider range of targets.
While the results are promising, experts caution that the vaccine still needs to pass additional tests before it can be widely used. Dr. Greg Poland, who designs vaccines at the Mayo Clinic, notes that the research team did an "excellent job" but emphasizes the need for repetition in primates and humans before the vaccine can be considered effective.
The development of a pan-coronavirus vaccine that induces mucosal immunity is seen as crucial to preventing future variants of the virus. The US has already experienced several Omicron-level shifts, highlighting the ongoing threat posed by Covid-19.