US President Donald Trump's fixation on taking over Greenland has sparked comparisons to a disturbing precedent from the Cold War era. The Soviet Union, in its ideological and military standoff with the West, would often invade allied communist partners twice as it asserted its right to intervene in their affairs if they deviated from Moscow's policies.
Trump's repeated assertions that the US "needs" Greenland for national security purposes have set Washington on a collision course with Denmark, a NATO ally that has sovereignty over the autonomous territory. Trump has refused to rule out acquiring Greenland by military force, suggesting that it may be a choice between taking control of the island and keeping NATO intact.
This echoes the Soviet Union's actions in Eastern Europe during the Cold War, where troops were deployed to suppress popular uprisings and quell liberalizing reforms. The most notable example is the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia, which was staged by Moscow with forces from other Warsaw Pact nations. In contrast, Trump's mooted Greenland incursion appears to be driven by a desire for territorial control rather than a genuine need to protect NATO.
Experts warn that such an approach could undermine the alliance and lead to military conflict. Charles Kupchan, a fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, notes that NATO has been unified since the beginning of the Cold War and that the idea of a US-NATO ally at war is "difficult to imagine." He argues that previous internal Nato rows have not led to military conflict.
However, historians argue that the Soviet Union's actions in Eastern Europe during the Cold War provide valuable lessons for NATO. John Lewis Gaddis, a Yale University history professor, notes that the alliance's purpose extends beyond deterring adversaries to reflecting the interests of its member states. "The alliance is a lot stronger if they want to be within it than if they're coerced by the biggest power in it," he says.
In the context of Greenland, Gaddis suggests that making an unnecessary show of force could create unnecessary friction and undermine cooperation with Denmark. The US already has military bases in Greenland, which can be easily maintained and expanded with Danish cooperation, rather than through unilateral provocation.
Trump's repeated assertions that the US "needs" Greenland for national security purposes have set Washington on a collision course with Denmark, a NATO ally that has sovereignty over the autonomous territory. Trump has refused to rule out acquiring Greenland by military force, suggesting that it may be a choice between taking control of the island and keeping NATO intact.
This echoes the Soviet Union's actions in Eastern Europe during the Cold War, where troops were deployed to suppress popular uprisings and quell liberalizing reforms. The most notable example is the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia, which was staged by Moscow with forces from other Warsaw Pact nations. In contrast, Trump's mooted Greenland incursion appears to be driven by a desire for territorial control rather than a genuine need to protect NATO.
Experts warn that such an approach could undermine the alliance and lead to military conflict. Charles Kupchan, a fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, notes that NATO has been unified since the beginning of the Cold War and that the idea of a US-NATO ally at war is "difficult to imagine." He argues that previous internal Nato rows have not led to military conflict.
However, historians argue that the Soviet Union's actions in Eastern Europe during the Cold War provide valuable lessons for NATO. John Lewis Gaddis, a Yale University history professor, notes that the alliance's purpose extends beyond deterring adversaries to reflecting the interests of its member states. "The alliance is a lot stronger if they want to be within it than if they're coerced by the biggest power in it," he says.
In the context of Greenland, Gaddis suggests that making an unnecessary show of force could create unnecessary friction and undermine cooperation with Denmark. The US already has military bases in Greenland, which can be easily maintained and expanded with Danish cooperation, rather than through unilateral provocation.