Russia's economy is far from doomed, despite rising oil prices and looming sanctions that could further strangle its already struggling finances.
The Kremlin has managed to keep its economy afloat by implementing a strategy of "medically induced coma" - slowing growth to insulate the patient from external interference. While much of the government's reserves are spent and oil revenues have fallen, Putin has found internal resources to fill the void through higher taxes on households and businesses.
Russia's debt-to-GDP ratio is relatively modest, just below 20%, while its annual spending deficit is around 3.5%. The country has also been able to keep inflation in check, falling towards 6% despite soaring after the invasion of Ukraine.
The Russian economy may be a "junkyard" with ageing and dysfunctional factories, but it can still continue to fund the war effort without fearing economic collapse. China remains a key buyer of oil, while North Korea supplies people and kit. India has also maintained trade ties with Russia, despite the prospect of tougher sanctions.
Ukraine's financial situation is more precarious, with the promise of β¬90bn from the EU stretching its ability to support the conflict for between 18 months and two years. Putin, meanwhile, has sufficient reserves to keep paying young men and their families to fight on.
The real issue for Europe is that it needs to work harder to bring the war to an end. A tougher stance on trade may not trigger an economic collapse, but it could further isolate Russia and accelerate its decline. The EU must focus on tightening sanctions while providing Ukraine with the military support it needs to push back against Russian aggression.
The prospect of a Russian economy in crisis is often cited as a tool for Western leaders to use against Putin, but this narrative has proven overly simplistic. In reality, the Kremlin has managed to adapt and evolve its strategy to maintain control over the economy. Europe must be more nuanced in its approach to Russia, recognizing that economic pressure alone may not bring about collapse - but it can still accelerate Russia's decline and ultimately pave the way for a negotiated settlement.
The Kremlin has managed to keep its economy afloat by implementing a strategy of "medically induced coma" - slowing growth to insulate the patient from external interference. While much of the government's reserves are spent and oil revenues have fallen, Putin has found internal resources to fill the void through higher taxes on households and businesses.
Russia's debt-to-GDP ratio is relatively modest, just below 20%, while its annual spending deficit is around 3.5%. The country has also been able to keep inflation in check, falling towards 6% despite soaring after the invasion of Ukraine.
The Russian economy may be a "junkyard" with ageing and dysfunctional factories, but it can still continue to fund the war effort without fearing economic collapse. China remains a key buyer of oil, while North Korea supplies people and kit. India has also maintained trade ties with Russia, despite the prospect of tougher sanctions.
Ukraine's financial situation is more precarious, with the promise of β¬90bn from the EU stretching its ability to support the conflict for between 18 months and two years. Putin, meanwhile, has sufficient reserves to keep paying young men and their families to fight on.
The real issue for Europe is that it needs to work harder to bring the war to an end. A tougher stance on trade may not trigger an economic collapse, but it could further isolate Russia and accelerate its decline. The EU must focus on tightening sanctions while providing Ukraine with the military support it needs to push back against Russian aggression.
The prospect of a Russian economy in crisis is often cited as a tool for Western leaders to use against Putin, but this narrative has proven overly simplistic. In reality, the Kremlin has managed to adapt and evolve its strategy to maintain control over the economy. Europe must be more nuanced in its approach to Russia, recognizing that economic pressure alone may not bring about collapse - but it can still accelerate Russia's decline and ultimately pave the way for a negotiated settlement.