President-elect Donald Trump has taken executive action to attempt to deny birthright citizenship to the children of undocumented immigrants in the US. The move is likely to be challenged legally, as the US government has long interpreted the Constitution to mean that those born on American soil are citizens at birth, regardless of their parents' immigration status.
The issue of birthright citizenship revolves around the 14th Amendment to the Constitution, which states that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." Congress passed the amendment in 1866 during the Reconstruction period following the Civil War, with the aim of extending citizenship to people born on US soil.
However, Trump has been a long-time critic of birthright citizenship, calling it "ridiculous" and arguing that it is a magnet for illegal immigration. He claims that birthright citizenship without conditions is not common in other countries and that it allows children of undocumented immigrants to enter the country as citizens.
But opponents of birthright citizenship say that it was never intended to cover undocumented immigrants' children or what is known as "birth tourism" - where migrants travel to a country, give birth on US soil, and then use their child's citizenship status to bring relatives into the country. They argue that the amendment was ratified to eliminate barriers to birthright citizenship based on race.
It remains to be seen how successful Trump will be in ending birthright citizenship through executive action or if he will attempt to initiate a constitutional amendment to achieve this goal. However, experts have confirmed that it is unlikely for the President to unilaterally change the Constitution and that any changes would need to go through Congress and be ratified by three-fourths of state legislatures.
The US is far from being the only country with birthright citizenship, as over 30 countries have some form of automatic citizenship on birth. Some examples include Canada, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay.
The issue of birthright citizenship revolves around the 14th Amendment to the Constitution, which states that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." Congress passed the amendment in 1866 during the Reconstruction period following the Civil War, with the aim of extending citizenship to people born on US soil.
However, Trump has been a long-time critic of birthright citizenship, calling it "ridiculous" and arguing that it is a magnet for illegal immigration. He claims that birthright citizenship without conditions is not common in other countries and that it allows children of undocumented immigrants to enter the country as citizens.
But opponents of birthright citizenship say that it was never intended to cover undocumented immigrants' children or what is known as "birth tourism" - where migrants travel to a country, give birth on US soil, and then use their child's citizenship status to bring relatives into the country. They argue that the amendment was ratified to eliminate barriers to birthright citizenship based on race.
It remains to be seen how successful Trump will be in ending birthright citizenship through executive action or if he will attempt to initiate a constitutional amendment to achieve this goal. However, experts have confirmed that it is unlikely for the President to unilaterally change the Constitution and that any changes would need to go through Congress and be ratified by three-fourths of state legislatures.
The US is far from being the only country with birthright citizenship, as over 30 countries have some form of automatic citizenship on birth. Some examples include Canada, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay.